Z

Abbreviation for benzyloxycarbonyl (carbobenzoxy); atomic number; symbol for an amino acid that is either glutamic acid, glutamine, or a substance that yields glutamic acid on acid hydrolysis of peptides (e.g., 4-carboxyglutamate or 5-oxoproline); carbobenzoxy; in italics, zusammen.

ZO2 Z_O2

Symbol for microliters of oxygen taken up per hour by 10⁸ spermatozoa; can vary as a function of temperature.

z. z.

Abbreviation for zepto-.

Zaffaroni Zaffaroni

Alejandro, Uruguayan-U.S. chemist and biochemist, *1923. See Zaffaroni system.

Zaglas Zaglas

John, 19th century anatomist's assistant in Edinburgh. See Z.'s ligament.

Zahn Zahn

Friedrich W., German pathologist, 1845-1904. See Z.'s infarct; lines of Z., under line; striae of Z. under stria.

Zambusch Zambusch

Leo von, 20th century German physician. See generalized pustular psoriasis of Z.

Zappert Zappert

Julius, Austrian physician, 1867-1942. See Z. counting chamber.

zea zea (ze´a)

The styles and stigmas of Zea mays (family Gramineae), Indian corn; formerly used as a diuretic and antispasmodic.cornsilk, stigmata maydis; [Mod. L. maize]

zearalenone zearalenone (ze´a-ral-en-on)

One of the resorcylic acid lactones; used in veterinary medicine as an anabolic.

zeatin zeatin (ze´a-tin)

6-(trans-4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenylamino)purine;a cytokinin first isolated from kernels of sweet corn.maize factor;

zeaxanthin zeaxanthin (ze´a-zan´thin)

beta,beta-carotene-3,3´-diol;a carotene found in corn, fruits, seeds, and egg yolk; isomeric with xanthophyll.zeaxanthol; [Mod. L. Zea, Indian corn, fr. L. zea, grain + G. xanthos, yellow, + -in]

zeaxanthol zeaxanthol (ze-a-za-thol)

zeaxanthin

Zeeman Zeeman

Pieter, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate, 1865-1943. See Z. effect.

ZEEP ZEEP

Abbreviation for zero end-expiratory pressure.

zein zein (ze´in)

A prolamine present in maize; it lacks chiefly the amino acids l-tryptophan and l-lysine, and is low in cysteine content.

Zeis Zeis

Eduard, Dresden ophthalmologist, 1807-1868. See Z.'s glands, under gland; zeisian sty.

zeisian zeisian (zIs´e-an)

Relating to or described by Eduard Zeis.

Zeitgeist Zeitgeist (zIt´gIst)

In psychology, the climate of opinion, conventions of thought, covert influences, and unquestioned assumptions that are implicit in a given culture, the arts, or science at any point in time, and in which the individual operates and thus is influenced. [Ger. zeit, time, + geist, spirit]

Zellweger Zellweger

Hans U., U.S. pediatrician, *1909. See Z. syndrome.

zelophobia zelophobia (ze-lo-fo´be-a)

Morbid fear of jealousy. [G. zelos, zeal, + phobos, fear]

zelotypia zelotypia (ze-lo-tip´e-a)

Excessive zeal, carried to the point of morbidity, in the advocacy of any cause. [G. zelotypia; rivalry, envy, fr. zelos, zeal, + typto, to strike]

Zenker Zenker

Friedrich A., German pathologist, 1825-1898. See Z.'s degeneration, diverticulum, fixative, necrosis, paralysis; formol-Z. fixative.

zeolite zeolite (ze´o-lIt)

A naturally occurring hydrated sodium aluminum silicate, Na₂O. Al₂O₃. (SiO₂)_x. (H₂O)_x, used for softening of ha rd water by exchanging its Na⁺ for the Ca²⁺ of the water; thus z. is an ion exchanger. Some synthetic ion exchangers are termed synthetic z.'s, although there is no chemical relationship.

zeoscope zeoscope (ze´o-skop)

A device for determining the alcoholic content of a liquid by ascertaining its exact boiling point. [G. zeo, to boil, + skopeo, to examine]

zepto- (z.) zepto- (z.)

Prefix used in the SI and metric systems to signify 10^-21.

zero zero (ze´ro)

1. The figure 0, indicating the absence of magnitude, or nothing. 2. In thermometry, the point from which the figures on the scale start in one or the other direction; in the Celsius and Réaumur scales, z. indicates the freezing point for distilled water; in the Fahrenheit scale, it is 32° below the freezing point of water. [Sp. fr. Ar. sifr, cipher]
absolute z. the lowest possible temperature, that at which the form of translational motion constituting heat is assumed no longer to exist, determined as -273.15°C or 0 Kelvin.

zero gravity zero gravity (ze-ro-grav´i-te)

A physical state existing in space or at a time in flight when the centrifugal thrust of a parabolic glide or turn exactly counteracts the force of gravity.

zeta zeta (zat´a)

1. 6th Letter of the Greek alphabet, zeta 2. In chemistry, denotes the sixth in a series, e.g., the sixth carbon from a functional group. 3. Symbol for electrokinetic potential.

zetacrit zetacrit (za´ta-krit)

The packed cell volume produced by vertical centrifugation of blood in capillary tubes, allowing controlled compaction and dispersion of red blood cells; read with a hematocrit to produce the zeta sedimentation ratio.

zetaprotein zetaprotein

fibronectins

zeugmatography zeugmatography (zug-ma-tog´ra-fe)

Term coined by Lauterbur in 1972 for the joining of a magnetic field and spatially defined radiofrequency field gradients to generate a two-dimensional display of proton density and relaxation times in tissues, the first nuclear magnetic resonance image. [G. zeugma, that which joins together]

zidovudine zidovudine (zI-do´vu-den)

C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄;a thymidine analogue that is an inhibitor of in vitro replication of HIV virus, the causative agent of AIDS and ARC, and is used in the management of these diseases.azidothymidine;

Ziegler Ziegler

S. Louis, U.S. ophthalmologist, 1861-1925.

Ziehen Ziehen

Georg T., German psychiatrist, 1862-1950. See Z.-Oppenheim disease.

Ziehl Ziehl

Franz, German bacteriologist, 1857-1926. See Z.'s stain; Z.-Neelsen stain.

Ziemann Ziemann

Hans R.P., German pathologist, *1865. See Z.'s dots, under dot, stippling.

Zieve Zieve

Leslie, U.S. physician, *1915. See Z.'s syndrome.

Zimmerlin Zimmerlin

Franz, Swiss physician, 1858-1932. See Z.'s atrophy.

Zimmermann Zimmermann

Wilhelm, German physician, *1910. See Z. reaction, test.

Zimmermann Zimmermann

Karl W., German histologist, 1861-1935. See Z.'s corpuscle, granule, elementary particle; polkissen of Z.

zinc (Zn) zinc (Zn) (zingk)

A metallic element, atomic no. 30, atomic wt. 65.39; an essential bioelement; a number of salts of z. are used in medicine; a cofactor in many proteins. [Ger. Zink]
z. acetate Zn(C₂H₃O₂)2H₂O;an emetic, styptic, and astringent.
z. caprylate a topical antifungal compound.
z. chloride ZnCl₂;formerly used as a caustic for the removal of cutaneous cancers, nevi, etc., and in weak solution in the treatment of gonorrhea and conjunctivitis.butter of zinc;
z. gelatin z. oxide, gelatin, glycerin, and purified water; used topically as a protectant.
z. iodide ZnI₂;has been used as an antiseptic and astringent.
medicinal z. peroxide a mixture of z. peroxide, z. carbonate, and z. hydroxide; a topical disinfectant, astringent, and deodorant.
z. oxide ZnO;used as a protective in ointment, as a dusting powder; also used in paint as a substitute for lead carbonate.flowers of zinc, z. white;
z. oxide and eugenol used as a base material beneath metallic dental restorations and as a temporary filling material or impression material; setting and hardening result from complex reactions between the powder and the eugenol.
z. permanganate action is similar to that of potassium permanganate, but more astringent; used in urethritis, by injection or douche in a 1:4000 solution.
z. peroxide ZnO₂;a yellowish white powder, insoluble in water and decomposed by acids; used in pharmaceutical preparations.z. superoxide;
z. phenolsulfonate used as an intestinal antiseptic and locally as an astringent in chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes.z. sulfocarbolate;
z. phosphide Zn₃P₂;used as a bait poison for the extermination of rats and mice.
z. stearate a z. compound with variable proportions of stearic and palmitic acids; a water-repellent, protective agent used in powders and ointments in the treatment of eczema, acne, and other skin diseases.
z. sulfate ZnSO₄. 7H₂O;used as a local astringent in the treatment of gonorrhea, indolent ulcers, conjunctivitis, and various skin diseases, and internally as an emetic.
z. sulfocarbolate z. phenolsulfonate
z. superoxide z. peroxide
z. undecylenate , z. undecenoate [CH₂=CH(CH₂)₈COO]₂Zn;the z. salt of undecylenic acid; used in the treatment of fungal and other affections of the skin, including psoriasis.
z. white z. oxide

zinc-65 (65Zn) zinc-65 (⁶⁵Zn)

A radioactive zinc isotope that decays mainly by K-capture with a half-life of 243.8 days; used as a tracer in studies of zinc metabolism.

zinciferous zinciferous (zing-kif´er-us)

Containing zinc.

zincoid zincoid (zing´koyd)

Relating to or resembling zinc. [G. eidos, resemblance]

zingiber zingiber (zin´ji-ber)

ginger

Zinn Zinn

Johann G., German anatomist, 1727-1759. See Z.'s artery, vascular circle, corona, ligament, membrane, ring, tendon, zonule.

Zinsser Zinsser

Hans, U.S. bacteriologist and immunologist, 1878-1940. See Brill-Z. disease.

zirconium (Zr) zirconium (Zr) (zir-ko´ne-um)

A metallic element, atomic no. 40, atomic wt. 91.224; widely distributed in nature, but never found in quantity in any one place. [zircon, a mineral, fr. Ar. zarkun, cinnabar, Pers, zargun, goldlike]

zirconium oxide zirconium oxide

Used as a coating for the skin in dermatologic pharmaceuticals and as a pigment in paints.

zm. zm.

Abbreviation for zeptometer.

Zn Zn

Symbol for zinc.

65Zn ⁶⁵Zn

Abbreviation for zinc-65.

zo- zo-

See zoo-.

zoacanthosis zoacanthosis (zo´a-kan-tho´sis)

A cutaneous eruption due to introduction into the human skin of hair, bristles, stingers, etc., of lower animals. [G. zoon, animal, + acanthosis]

zoamylin zoamylin (zo-am´i-lin)

Former term for glycogen. [G. zoe, life, + amylon, starch]

zoanthropic zoanthropic (zo-an-throp´ik)

Relating to or marked by zoanthropy.

zoanthropy zoanthropy (zo-an´thro-pe)

A delusion that one is an animal, such as a dog. [G. zoon, animal, + anthropos, man]

zoetic zoetic (zo-et´ik)

Relating to life. [G. zoe, life]

zoic zoic (zo´ik)

Relating to living things; having life. [G. zoikos, relating to an animal]

zoite zoite (zo´It)

sporozoite [G. zoon, animal]

Zollinger Zollinger

Robert M., U.S. surgeon, *1903. See Z.-Ellison syndrome, tumor.

Zöllner Zöllner

Johann F., German physicist, 1834-1882. See Z.'s lines, under line.

Zolpidem Zolpidem (zol´pe-dem)

A sedative/hypnotic drug useful for treating anxiety and resembling benzodiazepines in its pharmacology but differing somewhat in chemical structure. Unlike benzodiazepines, Z. lacks prominent anticonvulsant properties, and less tolerance may develop with its use.

zomepirac sodium zomepirac sodium (zo-me-pir´ak)

Sodium 5-(p-chlorodoenzoyl)-1,4-dimethylpyrrole-2-acet ate dihydrate;an analgesic anti-inflammatory agent, no longer marketed.

zona zona, pl. zonae (zo´na, zo´ne)

1. zone 2. herpes zoster [L. fr. G. zone, a girdle, one of the zones of the sphere]
z. arcua´ta arcuate zone
z. cilia´ris ciliary zone
z. coro´na costal fringe
z. dermat´ica a ridge of thickened skin surrounding the protrusion in spina bifida.
z. epitheliosero´sa the membranous ring, within the z. dermatica, surrounding the protrusion in spina bifida.
z. facia´lis herpes zoster involving the face.
z. fascicula´ta the layer of radially arranged cell cords in the cortical portion of the suprarenal gland, between the z. glomerulosa and z. reticularis; secretes cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone.
z. glomerulo´sa the outer layer of the cortex of the suprarenal gland just beneath the capsule; secretes aldosterone.
z. hemorrhoida´lis hemorrhoidal zone
z. ig´nea herpes zoster
z. incer´ta [NA] a flat, obliquely disposed plate of gray matter in the subthalamic region situated between the thalamic fasciculus (tegmental field H₁ of Forel) and the lenticular fasciculus (tegmental field H₂). Medially, cells of this nucleus are adjacent to the prerubral area (tegmental field H) and, laterally, they are continuous with the reticular nucleus of the thalamus. Z. i. is a derivative of the ventral thalamus; it receives afferents from the precentral motor cortex and the cerebellum.
z. medullovasculo´sa the fissured segment of the spinal cord that dorsally closes the sac in meningomyelocele.
z. ophthal´mica herpes zoster in the distribution of the ophthalmic nerve.
z. orbicula´ris [NA] fibers of the articular capsule of the hip joint encircling the neck of the femur.orbicular zone, ring ligament, zonular band;
z. pectina´ta pectinate zone
z. pellu´cida a layer consisting of microvilli of the oocyte, cellular processes of follicular cells, and an intervening substance rich in glycoprotein; it appears homogeneous and translucent under the light microscope.pellucid zone;
z. perfora´ta foramina nervosa, under foramen
z. pupilla´ris pupillary zone
z. radia´ta z. striata
z. reticula´ris the inner layer of the cortex of the adrenal gland, where the cell cords anastomose in a netlike fashion.
z. serpigino´sa herpes zoster
z. stria´ta the thickened cell membrane of the ovum in forms, such as certain amphibia, in which it appears radially striated under the light microscope; with the electron microscope the striations can be seen to be microvilli.membrana striata, striated membrane, z. radiata;
z. tec´ta arcuate zone
z. vasculo´sa vascular zone

zonal zonal (zo´nal)

Relating to a zone.

zonary zonary (zo´nar-e)

Relating to or having the form of a zone or belt.

zonate zonate (zo´nat)

Zoned; ringed; having concentric layers of differing texture or pigmentation.

Zondek Zondek

Bernhardt, German obstetrician and gynecologist, 1891-1966. See Aschheim-Z. test.

zone zone (zon)

A segment; any encircling or beltlike structure, either external or internal, longitudinal or transverse. See also area, band, region, space, spot.zona (1); [L. zona]
abdominal z.'s abdominal regions, under region
androgenic z. 1. X z. (1) 2. fetal reticularis (2); fetal adrenal cortex [Named in the belief (as yet unsubstantiated) that the cells within this zone secrete androgens.]
arcuate z. the inner third of the basilar membrane of the cochlear duct extending from the tympanic lip of the osseous spiral lamina to the outer pillar cell of the spiral organ (of Corti).zona arcuata, zona tecta;
Barnes' z. the lower fourth of the pregnant uterus, attachment of the placenta to any part of which may cause dangerous hemorrhage.cervical z;
cervical z. Barnes' z
cervical z. of tooth neck of tooth
ciliary z. the outer, wider z. of the anterior surface of the iris, separated from the pupillary z. by the collarette.zona ciliaris;
comfort z. the temperature range between 28°C and 30°C at which the naked body is able to maintain the heat balance without either shivering or sweating; in the clothed body the range is from 13°C to 21°C.
z.'s of discontinuity concentric z.'s of varying optical density in the lens of the eye, as seen in slitlamp biomicroscopy.
dolorogenic z. trigger point
entry z. the area of the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord, medial to the tip of the posterior horn, in which the entering fibers of the posterior nerve root divide into ascending and descending branches.
ependymal z. ependymal layer
epileptogenic z. a cortical region which on stimulation reproduces the patient's spontaneous seizure or aura.
equivalence z. in a precipitin reaction, the z. in which neither antibody nor antigen is in excess. See also precipitation.equivalence point;
erogenous z.'s , erotogenic z.'s areas of the body, such as genitals and nipples, which elicit sexual arousal when stimulated.
fetal z. fetal adrenal cortex
gingival z. that portion of the oral mucosa which surrounds the teeth and is firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone.
Golgi z. 1. part of the cytoplasm occupied by the Golgi apparatus; 2. in secretory cells of exocrine glands, a z. between the nucleus and the luminal surface.
grenz z. (grents) in histopathology, a narrow layer beneath the epidermis that is not infiltrated or involved in the same way as are the lower layers of the dermis. [Ger. Grenze, borderline, boundary]
Head's z.'s Head's lines, under line
hemorrhoidal z. the part of the anal canal that contains the rectal venous plexus.annulus hemorrhoidalis, zona hemorrhoidalis;
interpalpebral z. the exposed area of the cornea and sclera between the lids of the open eye.
intertubular z. the dentinal matrix which lies between z.'s of peritubular dentin; it is less calcified and contains larger collagen fibers than does peritubular dentin.
isoelectric z. the range of H- ion concentration (pH) over which isoelectric precipitation occurs.
isopycnic z. the region in density gradient centrifugation having the same density as the buoyant density of the macromolecule.
language z. a large area of the cerebral cortex on the left side (in right-handed persons) considered by some to embrace all the centers of memories and associations connected with language.
latent z. that portion of the cerebral cortex, the stimulation of which produces no movement and a lesion of which produces no symptoms; mainly the more anterior areas of the frontal lobes.
Lissauer's marginal z. dorsolateral fasciculus
Looser's z.'s Looser's lines, under line
mantle z. 1. mantle layer 2. a layer of small B lymphocytes surrounding the paler-staining germinal centers of lymphoid follicles.
Marchant's z. the area on the sphenoid and occipital bones at the base of the skull from which the dura mater is readily detached.
marginal z. marginal layer
motor z. that portion of the cerebral cortex, primarily the posterior region of the frontal lobe, near the central sulcus, which when stimulated produces a movement and when injured produces spasticity or paralysis.
neutral z. in dentistry, the potential space between the lips and cheeks on one side and the tongue on the other; natural or artificial teeth in this z. are subject to equal and opposite forces from the surrounding musculature.
nucleolar z. nucleolar organizer
Obersteiner-Redlich z. the narrow line along the course of a nerve (or nerve root) where the Schwann cells and connective tissue that support its axons are replaced by glia cells. The z. marks the true boundary between the central and the peripheral nervous system. Usually located at or near the surface of the spinal cord or brainstem, it can extend (e.g., in the eighth nerve) several millimeters out along the nerve.Obersteiner-Redlich line;
orbicular z. zona orbicularis
pectinate z. the outer two-thirds of the basilar membrane of the cochlear duct.zona pectinata;
pellucid z. zona pellucida
peritubular z. the dentinal matrix surrounding the odontoblastic process; it is more highly calcified and contains finer collagen fibers than does the rest of the dentinal matrix.
polar z. the region in the vicinity of an electrode applied to the body. See also electrotonus.
protective z. the time in the cardiac cycle, immediately following the vulnerable period, during which a second stimulus will prevent the initiation of ventricular fibrillation by a previous stimulus applied during the vulnerable period, probably by blocking a reentrant pathway.
pupillary z. the central region of the anterior surface of the iris located between the collarette and the pupillary margin.zona pupillaris;
reflexogenic z. the area or z. where stimulation will elicit a given reflex.
secondary X z. an adrenocortical z., situated in the inner zona fasciculata, that appears upon postpubertal gonadectomy in some male rodents, most notably the mouse; the development of this z. is believed to be stimulated by pituitary gonadotropins.
segmental z. in a young embryo, the thickened dorsal portion of the undifferentiated paraxial mesoderm which becomes metamerically divided to form the mesodermal somites.segmental plate;
Spitzka's marginal z. dorsolateral fasciculus
subplasmalemmal dense z. corneocyte envelope
sudanophobic z. a z. of cells, at the periphery of the zona fasciculata in the adrenal cortex of the rat, that is not stained by Sudan dyes.
tender z.'s Head's lines, under line
thymus-dependent z. paracortex
trabecular z. trabecular reticulum
transformation z. z. on the cervix at which squamous epithelium and columnar epithelium meet; changes location in response to a woman's hormonal status.
transitional z. 1. the equatorial region of the lens of the eye where the anterior epithelial cells become transformed into lens fibers; 2. that portion of a scleral contact lens between the corneal and scleral sections.
trigger z. trigger point
trophotropic z. of Hess an area in the hypothalamus concerned with rewarding bodily sensations.
vascular z. an area in the external acoustic meatus where a number of minute blood vessels enter from the mastoid bone.spongy spot, zona vasculosa;
vermilion z. , vermilion transitional z. vermilion border
Weil's basal z. Weil's basal layer
Wernicke's z. Wernicke's center
z. 1, 2, 3, 4 of West in pulmonary physiology, defines the levels in a vertical lung according to the relationships of alveolar gas pressure, capillary blood pressure, and pulmonary venous pressure.
X z. 1. a transient adrenocortical z. present in some rodents at birth, most notably in mice, situated between the zona reticularis and the adrenal medulla; it degenerates in males with the secretion at puberty and in females during their first pregnancy; it slowly enlarges in unmated females after puberty and does not degenerate until middle age; the X z. appears to secrete no hormone;androgenic z. (1); 2. misnomer for the fetal adrenal cortex of primates.fetal reticularis (3);

zonesthesia zonesthesia (zon-es-the´ze-a)

A sensation as if a cord were drawn around the body, constricting it.cincture sensation, girdle sensation, strangalesthesia; [G. zone, girdle, + aisthesis, sensation]

zonifugal zonifugal (zo-nif´yu-gal)

Passing from within any region outward; as in mapping out an area of disturbed sensation, when the stimulus is first applied to the affected region and is carried into the area where sensation is normal. [L. zona, zone, + fugio, to flee]

zoning zoning (zon´ing)

The occurrence of a stronger reaction in a lesser amount of suspected serum, observed sometimes in serologic tests used in the diagnosis of syphilis, and probably the result of high antibody titer.

zonipetal zonipetal (zo-nip´e-tal)

Passing from without toward and into any region; as in mapping out an area of disturbed sensation, when the stimulus begins in a normal area and is carried into the affected region. [L. zona, zone, + peto, to seek]

zonography zonography (zo-nog´ra-fe)

A form of tomography with a relatively thick plane of focus; especially used in renal radiography. [zone + G. grapho, to write]

zonoskeleton zonoskeleton (zo´no-skel´e-ton)

The proximal skeletal segments of the limbs, i.e., scapula, clavicle, hip bone. [L. zona, zone, + skeleton]

zonula zonula, pl. zonulae (zo´nyu-la, zon´yu-; -le) [NA]

zonule [L. dim. of zona, zone]
z. adhe´rens a belt-like desmosomal attachment between columnar epithelial cells, upon which filaments attach.intermediate junction;
z. cilia´ris [NA] ciliary zonule
z. occlu´dens tight junctions formed by the fusion of integral proteins of the lateral cell membranes of adjacent epithelial cells, limiting transepithelial permeability.

zonular zonular (zo´nyu-lar, zon´yu-)

Relating to a zonula.

zonule zonule (zo´nyul, zon´yul)

A small zone.zonula [NA];
ciliary z. a series of delicate meridional fibers arising from the inner surface of the orbiculus ciliaris that run in bundles between, and in a very thin layer over, the ciliary processes; at the inner border of the corona, the fibers diverge into two groups that are attached to the capsule on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens close to the equator; the spaces between these two layers of fibers are filled with aqueous humor.zonula ciliaris [NA], apparatus suspensorius lentis, suspensory ligament of lens, Zinn's z;
Zinn's z. ciliary z

zonulitis zonulitis (zo-nyu-lI´tis)

Assumed inflammation of the zonule of Zinn, or suspensory ligament of the lens of the eye. [zonule + G. -itis, inflammation]

zonulolysis zonulolysis , zonulysis (zo´nyu-lol´i-sis, -lI´sis)

Dissolution of the zonula ciliaris by enzymes (a-chymotrypsin) to facilitate surgical removal of a cataract.Barraquer's method; [zonule + G. lysis, dissolution]

zoo- zoo- , zo-

Animal, animal life. [G. zoon]

zooanthroponosis zooanthroponosis (zo´o-an´thro-po-no´sis)

A zoonosis normally maintained by humans but which can be transmitted to other vertebrates (e.g., amebiasis to dogs, tuberculosis). Cf. anthropozoonosis, amphixenosis. [zoo- + G. anthropos, man, + nosos, disease]

zooblast zooblast (zo´-o-blast)

An animal cell. [zoo- + G. blastos, germ]

zoochrome zoochrome (zo´o-krom)

A naturally occurring animal pigment; includes human pigments.

zoodermic zoodermic (zo-o-der´mik)

Relating to the skin of an animal. [zoo- + G. derma, skin]

zooerastia zooerastia (zo´o-e-ras´te-a)

bestiality [zoo- + G. erastes, lover]

zoofulvin zoofulvin (zo´o-ful´vin)

A yellow pigment obtained from the feathers of certain birds.

zoogenesis zoogenesis (zo-o-jen´e-sis)

The doctrine of animal production or generation. [zoo- + G. genesis, origin]

zoogeography zoogeography (zo´o-je-og´ra-fe)

The geography of animals; the study of the distribution of animals on the earth's surface.

zooglea zooglea (zo-og´le-a, zo´o-gle´a)

In bacteriology, an old term for a mass of bacteria held together by a clear gelatinous substance. [zoo- + G. glia, glue]

zoogonous zoogonous (zo-oj´o-nus)

viviparous

zoogony zoogony (zo-oj´o-ne)

viviparity

zoograft zoograft (zo´o-graft)

A graft of tissue from an animal to a human.animal graft, zooplastic graft;

zoografting zoografting (zo-o-graft´ing)

zooplasty

zooid zooid (zo´oyd)

1. Resembling an animal; an organism or object with an animal-like appearance. 2. An animal cell capable of independent existence or movement, as the ovum or a spermatozoon, or the segment of a tapeworm. 3. An individual of a colonial invertebrate, such as a coral. [G. zoodes, fr. zoon, animal, + eidos, resemblance]

zoolagnia zoolagnia (zo-o-lag´ne-a)

Sexual attraction toward animals. [zoo- + G. lagneia, lust]

zoolite zoolite , zoolith (zo´o-lIt, zo-o-lith)

A petrified animal. [zoo- + G. lithos, stone]

zoologist zoologist (zo-ol´o-jist)

One who specializes in zoology.

zoology zoology (zo-ol´o-je)

The biology of animals. [zoo- + G. logos, study]

zoom zoom (zum)

The action of a varifocal lens system in a camera or microscope that maintains an object in focus while approaching it or receding from it; this effect may be obtained by moving two or more of the lens components at rates bearing a linear relation to one another.

zoomania zoomania (zo-o-ma´ne-a)

An excessive, abnormal love of animals. [zoo- + G. mania, frenzy]

zoomaric acid zoomaric acid (zo´o-mer-ik)

palmitoleic acid

Zoomastigina Zoomastigina (zo´o-mas-ti-jI´na)

Zoomastigophorea [zoo- + G. mastix, whip]

Zoomastigophorasida Zoomastigophorasida (zo´o-mas-ti-go-fo-ras´i-da)

Zoomastigophorea

Zoomastigophorea Zoomastigophorea (zo´o-mas-ti-go-fo´re-a)

A class of flagellates (superclass Mastigophora) within the phylum Sarcomastigophora (flagellate and ameboid protozoans), of animal-like as opposed to plantlike characteristics. Chromatophores are absent; one to many flagella are found, although they may be absent in ameboid forms; sexuality is known in some groups. It includes many human parasites such as the trypanosomes and trichomonads, as well as a number of other parasitic and symbiotic forms.Zoomastigina, Zoomastigophorasida; [zoo- + G. mastix, whip, + phoros, bearing]

zoomylus zoomylus (zo-om´i-lus)

Obsolete term for dermoid cyst. [zoo- + G. mylos, stone]

Zoon Zoon

Johannes Jacobus, Dutch dermatologist, *1902. See balanitis of Z.; Z.'s erythroplasia.

zoonosis zoonosis (zo-o-no´sis)

An infection or infestation shared in nature by humans and other animals that are the normal or usual host; a disease of humans acquired from an animal source. See also anthropozoonosis, cyclozoonosis, metazoonosis, saprozoonosis, zooanthroponosis. [zoo- + G. nosos, disease]
direct z. a z. transmitted between animal and humans from an infected to a susceptible host by contact, by airborne droplets or droplet nuclei, or by some vehicle of transmission; the agent requires a single vertebrate host for completion of its life cycle and does not develop or show significant change during transmission; may include anthropozoonoses (rabies), zooanthroponoses (amebiasis), and amphixenoses (certain streptococcoses).

zoonotic zoonotic (zo´o-not´ik)

Relating to a zoonosis.

zooparasite zooparasite (zo-o-par´a-sIt)

An animal parasite; an animal existing as a parasite.

zoopathology zoopathology (zo-o-pa-thol´o-je)

The study or science of diseases of the lower animals.

zoophagous zoophagous (zo-of´a-gus)

carnivorous [G. zoophagos, fr. zoon, animal, + phagein, to eat]

zoophile zoophile (zo´o-fIl)

1. A lover of animals; especially one more fond of animals than of people. 2. One opposed to any animal experimentation; an antivivisectionist. [zoo- + G. philos, fond]

zoophilia zoophilia (zo-o-fil´e-a)

zoophilism

zoophilic zoophilic (zo-o-fil´ik)

1. Relating to or displaying zoophilism. 2. Animal-seeking or animal-preferring; denoting preference of a parasite for an animal host over a human. [zoo- + G. philos, fond, loving]

zoophilism zoophilism (zo-of´i-lizm)

Fondness for animals, especially an extravagant fondness for them.zoophilia;
erotic z. the deriving of sexual pleasure by patting or stroking animals.

zoophobia zoophobia (zo-o-fo´be-a)

Morbid fear of animals. [zoo- + G. phobos, fear]

zoophyte zoophyte (zo´o-fIt)

An animal that resembles a plant, such as the sponges or sea anenomes. [zoo- + G. phyton, plant]

zooplasty zooplasty (zo´o-plas-te)

Grafting of tissue from an animal to a human.zoografting;

zoosadism zoosadism (zo-o-sa´dizm)

Sexual pleasure from cruelty to animals.

zoosmosis zoosmosis (zo-os-mo´sis)

The process of osmosis in living tissues. [G. zoos, living, + osmosis]

zoospermia zoospermia (zo-o-sper´me-a)

The presence of live spermatozoa in the ejaculated semen. [G. zoon, living, + sperma, seed, + -ia]

zoosterol zoosterol (zo´o-ster´ol)

An animal sterol.

zootechnics zootechnics (zo-o-tek´niks)

The art of managing domestic or captive animals, including handling, breeding, and keeping. [zoo- + G. techne, art]

zootic zootic (zo-ot´ik)

Pertaining to animals other than humans.

zootoxin zootoxin (zo-otok´sin)

A substance, resembling the bacterial toxins in its antigenic properties, found in the fluids of certain animals; e.g., in snake venom, the secretions of poisonous insects, eel-blood.animal toxin;

zootrophic zootrophic (zo-o-trof´ik)

Relating to or serving for the nutrition of the lower animals. [zoo- + Gr. trophe, nourishment]

zorubicin zorubicin (zo-ru-bI-sin)

Semisynthetic derivative of daunorubicin; also similar to doxorubicin. Like those agents, zorubicin exerts significant myocardial toxicity. Used as an antineoplastic in breast cancer.

zoster zoster (zos´ter)

herpes zoster [G. zoster, a girdle]
geniculate z. (jen-i´kyu-lat zos´ter) herpes zoster oticus

zosteriform zosteriform (zos-ter´i-form)

zosteroid

zosteroid zosteroid (zos´ter-oyd)

Resembling herpes zoster.zosteriform; [zoster + G. eidos, resemblance]

zoxazolamine zoxazolamine (zok-sa-zo´la-men)

2-Amino-5-chlorobenzoxazole;a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant that is no longer used because of its hepatic toxicity.

Z-plasty Z-plasty

Surgery to elongate a contracted scar or to rotate tension 90°; the middle line of a Z-shaped incision is made along the line of greatest tension or contraction, and triangular flaps are raised on opposite sides of the two ends and transposed.Z procedure;

Zr Zr

Symbol for zirconium.

Zsigmondy Zsigmondy

Richard, Austro-German chemist and Nobel laureate, 1865-1929. See Z.'s test; brownian-Z. movement.

ZSR ZSR

Abbreviation for zeta sedimentation ratio.

zuckergussleber zuckergussleber (zuk´er-gus-la-ber)

frosted liver [Ger. Zuckerguss, sugar frosting, + Leber, liver]

Zuckerkandl Zuckerkandl

Emil, Austrian anatomist, 1849-1910. See Z.'s bodies, under body, convolution, fascia; organs of Z., under organ.

zusammen (Z) zusammen (Z) (zu-sam´men)

1. cis- (4) 2. A form of geometric isomerism with regards to carbon-carbon double bonds in which all four moieties attached to the carbons are different. If the substituents with the higher ranking (based on established rules) are on the same side of the double bond, Z is used. See entgegen. [Ger. together]

zwieback zwieback (zwI´bak)

Sweetened bread which has been baked twice, preferred for infant feeding during teething. [Ger. twice-baked]

Zwischenferment Zwischenferment (tsvish´en-fer-ment´)

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [Ger. zwischen, between, + Ferment, fermentation]

zwittergents zwittergents (tsvit´er-jents)

Detergents that are zwitterionic; often used as surfactants and in the release of proteins from biomembranes.zwitterionic detergent; [zwitterion + detergent]

zwitterionic zwitterionic (tsvit´er-I-on´ik)

Denoting a substance with the properties of a zwitterion; e.g., at pH value of 6.11, alanine is z.

zwitterions zwitterions (tsvit´er-I-onz)

dipolar ions, under ion See also zwitter hypothesis. [Ger. Zwitter, hermaphrodite, mongrel + ion]

zyg- zyg-

See zygo-.

zygal zygal (zI´gal)

Relating to or shaped like a zygon or yoke; H-shaped.

zygapophyses zygapophyses (-sez)

Articular processes in vertebra.

zygapophysial zygapophysial , zygapophyseal (zI´ga-po-fiz´e-al, zI-ga-pof´i-se´al)

Relating to a zygapophysis or articular process of a vertebra.

zygapophysis zygapophysis, pl. zygapophyses (zI´ga-pof´i-sis, -sez) [NA]

* official alternate term for articular process, articular process [G. zygon, yoke, + apophysis, offshoot]

zygion zygion (zig´e-on)

In cephalometrics and craniometrics, the most lateral point of the zygomatic arch. [G. a later form of zygon, yoke]

zygo- zygo- , zyg-

A yoke, a joining. [G. zygon, yoke, zygosis, a joining]

zygoma zygoma (zI-go´ma)

1. zygomatic bone 2. zygomatic arch [G. a bar, bolt, the os jugale, fr. zygon, yoke]

zygomatic zygomatic (zI´go-mat´ik)

Relating to the zygomatic bone.

zygomatico- zygomatico-

Zygomatic; Relating usually to the zygomatic bone. See zygo-. [G. zygoma]

zygomaticoauricular zygomaticoauricular (zI´go-mat´i-ko-aw-rik´yu-lar)

Relating to the zygomatic bone and the auricle.

zygomaticoauricularis zygomaticoauricularis (zI´go-mat´i-ko-aw-rik´yu-lar´is)

anterior auricular muscle

zygomaticofacial zygomaticofacial (zI´go-mat´i-ko-fa´shal)

Relating to the zygomatic bone and the face.

zygomaticofrontal zygomaticofrontal (zI´go-mat´i-ko-fron´tal)

Relating to the zygomatic and frontal bones.

zygomaticomaxillary zygomaticomaxillary (zI´go-mat´i-ko-mak´si-lar-e)

Relating to the zygomatic bone and the maxilla.

zygomatico-orbital zygomatico-orbital (zI´go-mat´i-ko-or´bi-tal)

Relating to the zygomatic bone and the orbit.

zygomaticosphenoid zygomaticosphenoid (zI´go-mat´i-ko-sfe´noyd)

Relating to the zygomatic and sphenoid bones.

zygomaticotemporal zygomaticotemporal (zI´go-mat´i-ko-tem´po-ral)

Relating to the zygomatic and temporal bones.

zygomaxillare zygomaxillare (zI´go-mak-si-la´re)

A craniometric point located externally at the lowest extent of the zygomaticomaxillary suture.key ridge, zygomaxillary point;

zygomaxillary zygomaxillary (zI-go-mak´si-lar-e)

Relating to the zygomatic bone and the maxilla.

Zygomycetes Zygomycetes (zI´go-mI-se´tez)

A class of fungi characterized by sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of a zygospore, and asexual reproduction by means of nonmotile spores called sporangiospores or conidia.Phycomycetes; [zygo- + G. mykes (myket-), fungus]

zygomycosis zygomycosis (zI´go-mI-ko´sis)

A fungous infection associated with species in various genera of the class Zygomycetes, e.g., Absidia, Mortierella, Mucor, Rhizopus. The genera Conidiobolus and Basidiobolus have species that are also causative agents.mucormycosis, phycomycetosis, phycomycosis;

zygon zygon (zI´gon)

The short crossbar connecting the branches of a zygal fissure. [G. crossbar, yoke]

zygonema zygonema (zI-g-o-ne´ma)

zygotene [zygo- + G. nema, thread]

zygopodium zygopodium (zI-go-po´de-um)

The distal intermediate segment of the limb skeleton, i.e., radius and ulna, tibia and fibula. [zygo- + G. podion, small foot]

zygosis zygosis (zI-go´sis)

True conjugation or sexual union of two unicellular organisms, consisting essentially in the fusion of the nuclei of the two cells. [G. a joining]

zygosity zygosity (zI-gos´i-te)

The nature of the zygotes from which individuals are derived; e.g., whether by separation of the division of one zygote (monozygotic), in which case they will be genetically identical, or from two separate fertilized ova (dizygotic).

zygosperm zygosperm (zI´go-sperm)

zygospore [zygo- + G. sperma, seed]

zygospore zygospore (zI´go-spor)

Among the Phycomycetes, a thick-walled sexual spore arising from fusion of two morphologically identical structures, generally hyphal tips, bearing nuclei of opposite mating types (gametangia).zygosperm;

zygote zygote (zI´got)

1. The diploid cell resulting from union of a sperm and an ovum. Cf. conceptus. 2. The individual that develops from a fertilized ovum. [G. zygotos, yoked]

zygotene zygotene (zI´go-ten)

The stage of prophase in meiosis in which precise point for point pairing of homologous chromosomes begins.zygonema; [zygo- + G. tainia (L. taenia), band]

zygotic zygotic (zI-got´ik)

Pertaining to a zygote, or to zygosis.

zygotoblast zygotoblast (zI-go´to-blast)

sporozoite [G. zygotos, yoked, + blastos, germ]

zygotomere zygotomere (zI-go´to-mer)

sporoblast [G. zygotos, yoked, + meros, part]

zym- zym-

See zymo-.

zymase zymase (zI´mas)

1. Obsolete term for a mixture of enzymes. 2. Specifically, the intracellular enzymes of yeast that promotes alcoholic fermentation.

zymo- zymo- , zym-

Fermentation, enzymes. [G. zyme, leaven]

zymodeme zymodeme (zI´mo-dem)

An isoenzyme pattern, as identified by isoenzyme electrophoresis. [zymo- + G. demos, populace]

zymogen zymogen (zI´mo-jen)

proenzyme

zymogenesis zymogenesis (zI-mo-jen´e-sis)

Transformation of a proenzyme (zymogen) into an active enzyme. [zymo- + G. genesis, production]

zymogenic zymogenic (zI-mo-jen´ik)

1. Relating to a zymogen or to zymogenesis.zymogenous; 2. Causing fermentation.

zymogenous zymogenous (zI-moj´e-nus)

zymogenic (1)

zymogram zymogram (zI´mo-gram)

Strips of paper, gels, etc. in which the locations of enzymes, separated electrophoretically or by other means, are demonstrated by histochemical methods. [zymo- + G. gramma, something written]

zymohexase zymohexase (zI-mo-heks´as)

Obsolete term for fructose-bisphosphate aldolase.

zymologist zymologist (zI-mol´o-jist)

Obsolete term for enzymologist.

zymology zymology (zI-mol´o-je)

Obsolete term for enzymology.

zymosan zymosan (zI´mo-san)

A carbohydrate (glucose polymer) obtained from the walls of yeast cells that interferes with complement.

zymoscope zymoscope (zI´mo-skop)

An instrument measuring CO₂ evolved and, therefore, the fermenting power of yeast. [zymo- + G. skopeo, to view]

zymosterol zymosterol (zI-mos´ter-ol)

5a-Cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol;an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol from lanosterol.

zyxin zyxin (ziks´in)

A cytoplasmic protein found in a number of distinct types of adherens junctions; it may play a role in the organization of membrane-cytoskeletal attachments.

ZZ ZZ

See ZZ genotype.